Are Ziswaf Expenditures and Depression Symptoms Correlated? Evidence from Indonesia

Abstract

This research investigates the relationship between ziswaf expenditure and depression symptoms using the IFLS5 data. Depression was assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R-10). The scores were converted into logit form using the Rasch model. This study finds a statistically significant negative correlation between ziswaf expenditure and the presence of severe depression symptoms using the OLS-multiple linear regression. A higher level of ziswaf expenditure was associated with lower scores in depression symptoms among muslim in Indonesia.