Zakat Revolution: Opening The Door to Social Welfare in the Digital Era
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Nov 6, 2025
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Abstract
Zakat, as an Islamic social financial instrument, has great potential in poverty alleviation and improving social welfare. However, the gap between the potential and realization of zakat collection is still significant. This study aims to evaluate the zakat management policy framework in the context of social welfare using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA approach. Of the 64 articles identified in the Scopus database, 35 articles met the inclusion criteria for in-depth analysis. The review results revealed seven main themes: regulatory and legal framework, governance and management, technological innovation, distribution and empowerment strategies, public awareness and education, interinstitutional collaboration, and impact measurement and evaluation. The findings indicate that effective zakat management requires a holistic approach, including legal harmonization, managerial professionalism, technology adoption, innovative distribution models, public education, inter-institutional synergy, and a comprehensive evaluation system. This study recommends policy reforms that include improving regulations, standardizing management, integrating technology, developing empowerment programs, digital-based education campaigns, strengthening collaboration, and developing an evaluation framework integrated with the SDGs. The implementation of these recommendations is expected to optimize the role of zakat in improving social welfare in the digital era.
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Wahyudi, I., Yama, I., & Said, M. (2025, November 6). Zakat Revolution: Opening The Door to Social Welfare in the Digital Era. International Journal of Zakat, 10(2), 61-78. Retrieved from https://ijazbaznas.com/index.php/journal/article/view/667
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References
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Al-Fatih, Sholahuddin. 2020. “Strengthening Baznas As the Society’S Trusted Zakat Agency To Increase the Welfare of Ummah.” Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syariah 11, no. 1: 106–24. https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v11i1.7841.
Alam, M M, N A Wahab, M A A Haq, and S A Ahmad. 2021. “Sustainable Development Status of Zakat Recipients: Empirical Investigation Based on Malaysia’s Kedah State.” Journal for Global Business Advancement 14, no. 5: 612–39. https://doi.org/10.1504/JGBA.2021.123544.
Anggadini, S D, D A Wahab, D S Soegoto, R Yunanto, and A Rosyad. 2023. “Designing An Msmes Integrated Information System Model Through Zakat Management.” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 18, no. 2: 902–12. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85152899409&partnerID=40&md5=7b27b09a7aa006164596749f8c44201e.
Azhar, Z, M K K Mydin, and A A Pitchay. 2023. “Zakat Distribution Priorities in Malaysia: An Analytic Hierarchy Process Analysis.” Asian Journal of Business and Accounting 16, no. 1: 69–87. https://doi.org/10.22452/ajba.vol16no1.3.
Bayinah, A N, M Said, and M Suparta. 2021. “Social-Commercial Interconnection: Lessons From Bank Muamalat Indonesia & Baitulmaal Muamalat Affiliation.” Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance 7, no. 2: 341–68. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v7i2.1339.
Chotib, M. 2021. “Zakat Management Concept to Accelerate Health and Economic Recovery during the Covid-19 Pandemic.” Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9: 1213–17. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7394.
Cokrohadisumarto, W M, Z Zaenudin, B Santoso, and S Sumiati. 2020. “A Study of Indonesian Community’s Behaviour in Paying Zakat.” Journal of Islamic Marketing 11, no. 4: 961–76. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-10-2018-0208.
Doktoralina, C M, and Z Bahari. 2018. “Zakat Accounting Information System in Private Higher Education.” European Research Studies Journal 21: 265–75. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075404628&partnerID=40&md5=5ea90b88d496e09c3b234d0af8dca401.
Embong, MR, R Taha, and MNM Nor. 2013. “Role of Zakat to Eradicate Poverty in Malaysia.” Jurnal Pengurusan 39. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84893929391&partnerID=40&md5=a92df03e3c5f4f4057a455e2e0fecaac.
Emzaed, Ali Murtadho, Sidiq Auli, Valencia Kirana Rosadhillah, and Surya Sukti. 2023. “Restriction of Islamic Civil Society Participation: Genealogy of Zakat Legal Politics and Its Centralized Management in Indonesia.” Journal of Islamic Law 4, no. 2: 148–71. https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v4i2.1444.
Fakhruddin, Sudirman Hasan, Dwi Hidayatul Firdaus, and Hakmi Hidayat. 2024. “From Fiqh Al-Ibadat to Muamalat: Repositioning Zakat Management in Indonesia in the Perspective of Maqaşid Al-Shari’ah.” Samarah 8, no. 1: 495–517. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i1.19637.
Hasan, A, R Hassan, E R A Engku Ali, E M T Engku Ali, M Abduh, and N H Noordin. 2019. “A Proposed Human Resource Management Model for Zakat Institutions in Malaysia.” ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 11, no. 1: 98–109. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-10-2017-0036.
Herianingrum, S, I Supriani, R Sukmana, E Effendie, T Widiastuti, Q Fauzi, and A Shofawati. 2024. “Zakat as an Instrument of Poverty Reduction in Indonesia.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 15, no. 4: 643–60. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-11-2021-0307.
Hudaefi, F A, M K Hassan, M Abduh, and I S Beik. 2023. “Knowledge Discovery of Zakat Administration Worldwide from YouTube and Zoom via Text Mining.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 14, no. 1: 159–80. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-03-2022-0067.
Khairi, K F, N H Laili, H Sabri, A Ahmad, V H Pham, and M D Tran. 2023. “THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF THE ZAKAT COLLECTION BLOCKCHAIN SYSTEM.” Journal of Governance and Regulation 12, no. 1 special issue: 294–306. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i1siart9.
Komarudin, M, A Sophian, H D Septama, T Yulianti, M Ikhsan, and T P Zuhelmi. 2023. “Ziswaf: Zakat Application to Improve Ease of Recording Zakat Data in Indonesia.” WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development 19: 309–19. https://doi.org/10.37394/232015.2023.19.27.
Latief, H. 2013. “Health Provision for the Poor: Islamic Aid and the Rise of Charitable Clinics in Indonesia.” South East Asia Research 18, no. 3: 503–53. https://doi.org/10.5367/sear.2010.0004.
Maghfirah. 2020. “Zakat Management And Poverty Alleviation In Indonesia.” Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syariah 11, no. 2: 286–313. https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v11i2.9261.
Mkuu, K M, and M E B Yusoff. 2020. “Building Organisational Social Capital through Investment in Corporate Social Responsibility to Stimulate the Effectiveness of Zakat Activities in Zanzibar.” International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change 13, no. 5: 450–63. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85086848652&partnerID=40&md5=873a46baa012ede65be571268c4f80e9.
Muhammad, H., M. S. Jalil, J. Arifin, A. Muhammud, and S. M. Muda. 2024. “Faktor Penentu Pembayaran Zakat Masyarakat Islam Di Negeri Terengganu.” Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, no. I: 212–27. http://jurnal.usas.edu.my/gjat/index.php/journal.
Nasri, R, N Aeni, and M G Haque-Fawzi. 2019. “Determination Of Professionalism And Transparency And Its Implications For The Financial Performance Of Zakat Institutions.” Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance 5, no. 4: 785–806. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v5i4.1158.
Nurhayati, N, R Hartanto, and I P Pramono. 2023. “An Empirical Study on the Impacts of Quality Information and Competency of User on the Quality of Zakat Management Information System in Indonesia.” Journal of System and Management Sciences 13, no. 3: 233–43. https://doi.org/10.33168/JSMS.2023.0316.
Owoyemi, M Y. 2020. “Zakat Management: The Crisis of Confidence in Zakat Agencies and the Legality of Giving Zakat Directly to the Poor.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 11, no. 2: 498–510. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-07-2017-0097.
Pericoli, A. 2023. “The Use of Zakat in the Pandemic Response: The Case of Islamic Relief and BAZNAS in Indonesia.” Third World Quarterly 44, no. 3: 405–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2022.2150161.
Rahmatullah, I, P Suwadi, and H Purwadi. 2024. “Legal Reform of Zakat Management Based on Personal Data Protection Law in Indonesia.” Mazahib Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Islam 23, no. 1: 199–236. https://doi.org/10.21093/mj.v23i1.5917.
Robbana, A, A Raghibi, and A G O Fahm. 2023. “Revisiting Socioeconomic Development Hypothesis: Does Zakat Matter for OIC Member Countries?” Journal of the Knowledge Economy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01632-y.
Rosele, Muhammad Ikhlas, Abdul Muneem, Noor Naemah Binti Abdul Rahman, and Abdul Karim Ali. 2022. “The Digitalized Zakat Management System in Malaysia and the Way Forward.” Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial 17, no. 1: 242–72. https://doi.org/10.19105/AL-LHKAM.V17I1.5365.
Roziq, A, A B Sulistiyo, M Shulthoni, and E G Anugerah. 2021. “An Escalation Model of Muzakki’s Trust and Loyalty towards Payment of Zakat at BAZNAS Indonesia.” Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business 8, no. 3: 551–59. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no3.0551.
Sawandi, N, and N M A Aziz. 2021. “The Missing Link in Zakat Management: A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis.” Central Asia and the Caucasus 22, no. 5: 729–47. https://doi.org/10.37178/ca-c.21.5.059.
Syahbandir, Mahdi, Wais Alqarni, Syahrizal Abbas, Bukhari Ali, and Fauzan Samad. 2022. “62-State and Islamic Law-163.” Ahkam 22, no. 1: 2022.
Wahyudi, M, A Ahmi, and S Herianingrum. 2022. “Examining Trends, Themes and Social Structure of Zakat Literature: A Bibliometric Analysis.” Global Journal Al-Thaqafah 12, no. 1: 40–67. https://doi.org/10.7187/GJAT072022-3.
Widiastuti, T, I Mawardi, S Herianingrum, and M Badowi. 2020. “Zakat Scorecard Model as a New Tool for Zakat Management.” Islamic Quarterly 64, no. 1: 1–42. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099086552&partnerID=40&md5=22ea958a705931319a02cc76b9ba9d76.
Yahya, Imam. 2020. “Zakat Management in Indonesia: Legal Political Perspective.” Al-Ahkam 30, no. 2: 195–214. https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2020.30.2.6420.
Zainuddin, Aan Aswari, and Salle. 2023. “Voluntary System: The Legal Problems of Zakat Management For The Fulfillment of Socio-Economic Justice.” Yuridika 38, no. 3: 685–704. https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v38i3.43885.
Al-Fatih, S. 2020. “Strengthening Baznas As The Society’s Trusted Zakat Agency To Increase The Welfare Of Ummah.” Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syariah 11, no. 1: 106–24. https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v11i1.7841.
Al-Fatih, Sholahuddin. 2020. “Strengthening Baznas As the Society’S Trusted Zakat Agency To Increase the Welfare of Ummah.” Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syariah 11, no. 1: 106–24. https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v11i1.7841.
Alam, M M, N A Wahab, M A A Haq, and S A Ahmad. 2021. “Sustainable Development Status of Zakat Recipients: Empirical Investigation Based on Malaysia’s Kedah State.” Journal for Global Business Advancement 14, no. 5: 612–39. https://doi.org/10.1504/JGBA.2021.123544.
Anggadini, S D, D A Wahab, D S Soegoto, R Yunanto, and A Rosyad. 2023. “Designing An Msmes Integrated Information System Model Through Zakat Management.” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 18, no. 2: 902–12. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85152899409&partnerID=40&md5=7b27b09a7aa006164596749f8c44201e.
Azhar, Z, M K K Mydin, and A A Pitchay. 2023. “Zakat Distribution Priorities in Malaysia: An Analytic Hierarchy Process Analysis.” Asian Journal of Business and Accounting 16, no. 1: 69–87. https://doi.org/10.22452/ajba.vol16no1.3.
Bayinah, A N, M Said, and M Suparta. 2021. “Social-Commercial Interconnection: Lessons From Bank Muamalat Indonesia & Baitulmaal Muamalat Affiliation.” Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance 7, no. 2: 341–68. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v7i2.1339.
Chotib, M. 2021. “Zakat Management Concept to Accelerate Health and Economic Recovery during the Covid-19 Pandemic.” Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9: 1213–17. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7394.
Cokrohadisumarto, W M, Z Zaenudin, B Santoso, and S Sumiati. 2020. “A Study of Indonesian Community’s Behaviour in Paying Zakat.” Journal of Islamic Marketing 11, no. 4: 961–76. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-10-2018-0208.
Doktoralina, C M, and Z Bahari. 2018. “Zakat Accounting Information System in Private Higher Education.” European Research Studies Journal 21: 265–75. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075404628&partnerID=40&md5=5ea90b88d496e09c3b234d0af8dca401.
Embong, MR, R Taha, and MNM Nor. 2013. “Role of Zakat to Eradicate Poverty in Malaysia.” Jurnal Pengurusan 39. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84893929391&partnerID=40&md5=a92df03e3c5f4f4057a455e2e0fecaac.
Emzaed, Ali Murtadho, Sidiq Auli, Valencia Kirana Rosadhillah, and Surya Sukti. 2023. “Restriction of Islamic Civil Society Participation: Genealogy of Zakat Legal Politics and Its Centralized Management in Indonesia.” Journal of Islamic Law 4, no. 2: 148–71. https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v4i2.1444.
Fakhruddin, Sudirman Hasan, Dwi Hidayatul Firdaus, and Hakmi Hidayat. 2024. “From Fiqh Al-Ibadat to Muamalat: Repositioning Zakat Management in Indonesia in the Perspective of Maqaşid Al-Shari’ah.” Samarah 8, no. 1: 495–517. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i1.19637.
Hasan, A, R Hassan, E R A Engku Ali, E M T Engku Ali, M Abduh, and N H Noordin. 2019. “A Proposed Human Resource Management Model for Zakat Institutions in Malaysia.” ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 11, no. 1: 98–109. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-10-2017-0036.
Herianingrum, S, I Supriani, R Sukmana, E Effendie, T Widiastuti, Q Fauzi, and A Shofawati. 2024. “Zakat as an Instrument of Poverty Reduction in Indonesia.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 15, no. 4: 643–60. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-11-2021-0307.
Hudaefi, F A, M K Hassan, M Abduh, and I S Beik. 2023. “Knowledge Discovery of Zakat Administration Worldwide from YouTube and Zoom via Text Mining.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 14, no. 1: 159–80. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-03-2022-0067.
Khairi, K F, N H Laili, H Sabri, A Ahmad, V H Pham, and M D Tran. 2023. “THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF THE ZAKAT COLLECTION BLOCKCHAIN SYSTEM.” Journal of Governance and Regulation 12, no. 1 special issue: 294–306. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i1siart9.
Komarudin, M, A Sophian, H D Septama, T Yulianti, M Ikhsan, and T P Zuhelmi. 2023. “Ziswaf: Zakat Application to Improve Ease of Recording Zakat Data in Indonesia.” WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development 19: 309–19. https://doi.org/10.37394/232015.2023.19.27.
Latief, H. 2013. “Health Provision for the Poor: Islamic Aid and the Rise of Charitable Clinics in Indonesia.” South East Asia Research 18, no. 3: 503–53. https://doi.org/10.5367/sear.2010.0004.
Maghfirah. 2020. “Zakat Management And Poverty Alleviation In Indonesia.” Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syariah 11, no. 2: 286–313. https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v11i2.9261.
Mkuu, K M, and M E B Yusoff. 2020. “Building Organisational Social Capital through Investment in Corporate Social Responsibility to Stimulate the Effectiveness of Zakat Activities in Zanzibar.” International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change 13, no. 5: 450–63. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85086848652&partnerID=40&md5=873a46baa012ede65be571268c4f80e9.
Muhammad, H., M. S. Jalil, J. Arifin, A. Muhammud, and S. M. Muda. 2024. “Faktor Penentu Pembayaran Zakat Masyarakat Islam Di Negeri Terengganu.” Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, no. I: 212–27. http://jurnal.usas.edu.my/gjat/index.php/journal.
Nasri, R, N Aeni, and M G Haque-Fawzi. 2019. “Determination Of Professionalism And Transparency And Its Implications For The Financial Performance Of Zakat Institutions.” Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance 5, no. 4: 785–806. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v5i4.1158.
Nurhayati, N, R Hartanto, and I P Pramono. 2023. “An Empirical Study on the Impacts of Quality Information and Competency of User on the Quality of Zakat Management Information System in Indonesia.” Journal of System and Management Sciences 13, no. 3: 233–43. https://doi.org/10.33168/JSMS.2023.0316.
Owoyemi, M Y. 2020. “Zakat Management: The Crisis of Confidence in Zakat Agencies and the Legality of Giving Zakat Directly to the Poor.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 11, no. 2: 498–510. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-07-2017-0097.
Pericoli, A. 2023. “The Use of Zakat in the Pandemic Response: The Case of Islamic Relief and BAZNAS in Indonesia.” Third World Quarterly 44, no. 3: 405–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2022.2150161.
Rahmatullah, I, P Suwadi, and H Purwadi. 2024. “Legal Reform of Zakat Management Based on Personal Data Protection Law in Indonesia.” Mazahib Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Islam 23, no. 1: 199–236. https://doi.org/10.21093/mj.v23i1.5917.
Robbana, A, A Raghibi, and A G O Fahm. 2023. “Revisiting Socioeconomic Development Hypothesis: Does Zakat Matter for OIC Member Countries?” Journal of the Knowledge Economy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01632-y.
Rosele, Muhammad Ikhlas, Abdul Muneem, Noor Naemah Binti Abdul Rahman, and Abdul Karim Ali. 2022. “The Digitalized Zakat Management System in Malaysia and the Way Forward.” Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial 17, no. 1: 242–72. https://doi.org/10.19105/AL-LHKAM.V17I1.5365.
Roziq, A, A B Sulistiyo, M Shulthoni, and E G Anugerah. 2021. “An Escalation Model of Muzakki’s Trust and Loyalty towards Payment of Zakat at BAZNAS Indonesia.” Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business 8, no. 3: 551–59. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no3.0551.
Sawandi, N, and N M A Aziz. 2021. “The Missing Link in Zakat Management: A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis.” Central Asia and the Caucasus 22, no. 5: 729–47. https://doi.org/10.37178/ca-c.21.5.059.
Syahbandir, Mahdi, Wais Alqarni, Syahrizal Abbas, Bukhari Ali, and Fauzan Samad. 2022. “62-State and Islamic Law-163.” Ahkam 22, no. 1: 2022.
Wahyudi, M, A Ahmi, and S Herianingrum. 2022. “Examining Trends, Themes and Social Structure of Zakat Literature: A Bibliometric Analysis.” Global Journal Al-Thaqafah 12, no. 1: 40–67. https://doi.org/10.7187/GJAT072022-3.
Widiastuti, T, I Mawardi, S Herianingrum, and M Badowi. 2020. “Zakat Scorecard Model as a New Tool for Zakat Management.” Islamic Quarterly 64, no. 1: 1–42. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099086552&partnerID=40&md5=22ea958a705931319a02cc76b9ba9d76.
Yahya, Imam. 2020. “Zakat Management in Indonesia: Legal Political Perspective.” Al-Ahkam 30, no. 2: 195–214. https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2020.30.2.6420.
Zainuddin, Aan Aswari, and Salle. 2023. “Voluntary System: The Legal Problems of Zakat Management For The Fulfillment of Socio-Economic Justice.” Yuridika 38, no. 3: 685–704. https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v38i3.43885.